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Genomics · Genetic Reports · Precision Wellness

Bone Health Package

Personalized 2-Report Genetic Package
Bone HealthJoint & Tendon Health
Sample ClientReport date: 29 July 2026
Genomics · Genetic Reports · Precision Wellness
Marrow Health Laboratories
Marrow
Accession #: MRW-26-31B9E0
Report type: Summary Report
Report status: FINAL

Specimen and client information

Client
Sample Client
Specimen type
Buccal (cheek) swab
Date reported
29 July 2026
Accession
MRW-26-31B9E0
Reports in package
2
Results scored
44
Need attention
12
Report
Summary Report

The reports inside this package

This one document contains 2 complete genetic reports. Each was scored on its own, then combined here so you can read everything in one place. Every result further down is labelled with the report it came from.

Bone Health17 results reported of 17 analytes · 50 recommendations
Joint & Tendon Health27 results reported of 27 analytes · 50 recommendations

About this report

This report reads your DNA and sorts every result into one of five plain-language groups, so you can see at a glance what deserves attention and what does not. Nothing here is a diagnosis. A flagged result means your genetics place you above or below the average person for that trait — a reason to ask a question, not a reason to worry.

What each result group means

Worth a conversation with your doctor
These came back with a higher genetic predisposition than most people. That is not a diagnosis — it means these are the ones worth raising at your next appointment.
Running above the typical range
Your genetics point to these sitting higher than average. Often useful to know, sometimes worth monitoring.
Running below the typical range
Your genetics point to these sitting lower than average. Same idea — context, not alarm.
Working in your favour
Good news. Your genetics look protective or better than average here.
In line with most people
Nothing unusual. These were tested and came back typical — worth having on record.

Your results at a glance

How to read this. A result being flagged does not mean you have a condition — it means your genetics put you above or below the average person for that trait. Of the 44 results here, 12 came back worth discussing with a clinician and 7 came back in your favour. Bring this document to your appointment.

What this package looks at

Bone Health — Bone health is crucial for maintaining a strong skeletal system, mobility, and overall physical well-being. While lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise play important roles in bone health, genetics also significantly influences how strong and resilient your bones are.

Joint & Tendon Health — Joint and tendon health is essential for maintaining mobility, flexibility, and overall physical function. Genetic factors play a significant role in determining your susceptibility to various conditions that affect the joints and tendons, such as joint pain, arthritis, and tendon problems. While

What you can actually do

These are ordered by how closely they relate to your flagged results — not generic health advice. Marrow does not prescribe, dose, or tell you to take anything. Diet and lifestyle changes are listed first because they are yours to make. Anything you would swallow is listed separately, by name only, as something to raise with a clinician who knows your history and your medications.

Changes you can make yourself

1
Manual Therapy

Reduce Tendon Strain To reduce tendon strain, modify your daily activities to avoid motions that cause discomfort or pain.

Relates to: Shoulder Impingement, Jaw Disorders (TMJ)
relevance
2
Physical Therapy30 minutes

Attend physical therapy sessions 2-3 times per week for a duration of 4-6 weeks, depending on your specific TA condition and the advice of your healthcare provider.

Relates to: Shoulder Impingement, Jaw Disorders (TMJ), Neck Arthritis
relevance
3
Shock Wave Therapy

Schedule and attend sessions for extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with a qualified healthcare provider.

Relates to: Heel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis), Shoulder Impingement, Trigger Finger
relevance
4
Exercise Therapy

Begin by consulting with a physical therapist to assess your condition and create a personalized exercise plan.

Relates to: Shoulder Impingement, Jaw Disorders (TMJ)
relevance
5
Reduce Jaw Strain

Avoid chewing gum, biting on hard foods like nuts or ice, and lengthy yawning.

Relates to: Jaw Disorders (TMJ)
relevance
6
Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Use a low-level laser therapy device, as directed by its manual or a healthcare professional, on the affected area.

Relates to: Heel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis), Jaw Disorders (TMJ), Shoulder Impingement
relevance
7
Acupuncture

Visit a licensed acupuncturist for a session, typically lasting between 30 to 60 minutes, once or twice a week.

Relates to: Heel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis), Jaw Disorders (TMJ), Neck Arthritis
relevance
8
Good Posture

Do this continuously throughout the day, reminding yourself to adjust your posture whenever you notice it lapsing.

Relates to: Shoulder Impingement, Heel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis), Disc Degeneration, Spinal Arthritis
relevance

Worth asking your clinician about

These came up in the research behind your flagged results. They are listed by name so you can ask about them. Marrow is not recommending them, and gives no dose. Supplements interact with prescription medication and with each other — that conversation belongs with your clinician.

1
Maintain Optimal Vitamin D Levels
Relates to: Calcium, Hypoparathyroidism, Vitamin K
relevance
2
Dietary Calcium
Relates to: Hypoparathyroidism
relevance
3
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)
Relates to: Jaw Disorders (TMJ), Heel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis), Shoulder Impingement
relevance
4
Vitamin D and Calcium
Relates to: Calcium, Bone Cancer, Hypoparathyroidism
relevance
5
Vitamin C
Relates to: Heel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis), Shoulder Impingement
relevance
6
Magnesium
Relates to: Hypoparathyroidism
relevance

Your headline findings

Of the 44 results in this package, these 8 came back furthest from the population average. Each one below explains what it is, where you sit, and which report it came from. Start here.

Heel Pain (Plantar Fasciitis)More likely
More likely to have plantar fasciitis based on 28,598 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 99% of the population and lower than 1% of the population.

What this actually is

Factors that might increase the risk of developing plantar fasciitis include: Age, with it being most common between the ages of 40 and 60 Certain types of exercise, such as long-distance running or ballet dancing Foot mechanics, including having a high arch, flat feet, or an abnormal walking pattern Obesity, which places extra stress on the plantar fascia Occupations that require long periods of standing or walking on hard surfaces Wearing shoes with inadequate support Genetics While plantar fasciitis is primarily associated with environmental factors and physical stress on the foot, there is some evidence to suggest that genetic factors might play a role in predisposing certain individuals to the condition.

What you can do

  • Shock Wave Therapy
    Schedule and attend sessions for extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with a qualified healthcare provider.
  • Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)
    Use a low-level laser therapy device, as directed by its manual or a healthcare professional, on the affected area.
  • Acupuncture
    Visit a licensed acupuncturist for a session, typically lasting between 30 to 60 minutes, once or twice a week.
From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Neck ArthritisMore likely
Higher predisposition than 98% of people
Your result sits higher than 98% of the population.

What this actually is

As the disks in the cervical spine dehydrate and shrink, signs of osteoarthritis develop, including the formation of bony projections along the edges of bones (bone spurs).

Cervical spondylosis can sometimes lead to a narrowing of the space needed by the spinal cord and the nerve roots that pass through the spine to the rest of the body.

More likely to have When these nerve pathways are affected, individuals might 481,932 genetic experience neurological symptoms such as numbness, weakness, or tingling in the arms, hands, legs, or feet.

What you can do

  • Physical Therapy 30 minutes
    Attend physical therapy sessions 2-3 times per week for a duration of 4-6 weeks, depending on your specific TA condition and the advice of your healthcare provider.
  • Acupuncture
    Visit a licensed acupuncturist for a session, typically lasting between 30 to 60 minutes, once or twice a week.
  • Topical CBD
    Apply a CBD-infused cream or ointment to the affected area of the skin 2-3 times per day, gently massaging it into the skin until fully absorbed.
From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Shoulder ImpingementMore likely
More likely to have shoulder impingement based on 1,676 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 90% of the population and lower than 10% of the population.

What this actually is

Risk factors for shoulder impingement include: Age: It is more common in middle-aged and older adults due to wear and tear.

Activities: Overhead activities common in some sports and jobs can lead to impingement.

Trauma: A fall or blow to the shoulder can initiate impingement symptoms.

What you can do

  • Manual Therapy
    Reduce Tendon Strain To reduce tendon strain, modify your daily activities to avoid motions that cause discomfort or pain.
  • Physical Therapy 30 minutes
    Attend physical therapy sessions 2-3 times per week for a duration of 4-6 weeks, depending on your specific TA condition and the advice of your healthcare provider.
  • Exercise Therapy
    Begin by consulting with a physical therapist to assess your condition and create a personalized exercise plan.
From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Disc DegenerationMore likely
More likely to have disc degeneration based on 844,435 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 90% of the population and lower than 10% of the population.

What this actually is

As disc degeneration progresses, individuals may experience chronic back pain, stiffness, or reduced mobility.

In some cases, the narrowing of the disc space can lead to nerve compression, resulting in symptoms such as sciatica, which is characterized by radiating pain down one or both legs.

Moreover, the body may form bony growths called bone spurs in response to the instability, potentially exacerbating nerve compression and leading to further discomfort and disability.

What you can do

  • Good Posture
    Do this continuously throughout the day, reminding yourself to adjust your posture whenever you notice it lapsing.
  • Topical CBD
    Apply a CBD-infused cream or ointment to the affected area of the skin 2-3 times per day, gently massaging it into the skin until fully absorbed.
From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Trigger FingerMore likely
More likely to have trigger finger based on 3 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 87% of the population and lower than 13% of the population.

What this actually is

Risk factors for trigger finger include [R, R, R, R, R]: Hobbies or jobs that require repetitive hand motions or prolonged gripping Some chronic health conditions (e.g., diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis) Female sex Previous surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome Genetics The genes involved in this condition may alter the structure of tendons [R, R].

What you can do

  • Shock Wave Therapy
    Schedule and attend sessions for extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with a qualified healthcare provider.
From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Jaw Disorders (TMJ)More likely
More likely to have a TMJ disorder based on 17,327 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 81% of the population and lower than 19% of the population.

What this actually is

Key Takeaways: Genetics plays a role in factors that contribute to TMJ disorders, such as arthritis or teeth grinding.

These genes may affect bone and cartilage structure, and mental health.

Factors that may increase the risk of developing TMJ disorders include arthritis, jaw injury, teeth grinding or clenching, and connective tissue problems.

What you can do

  • Reduce Jaw Strain
    Avoid chewing gum, biting on hard foods like nuts or ice, and lengthy yawning.
  • Physical Therapy 30 minutes
    Attend physical therapy sessions 2-3 times per week for a duration of 4-6 weeks, depending on your specific TA condition and the advice of your healthcare provider.
  • Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)
    Use a low-level laser therapy device, as directed by its manual or a healthcare professional, on the affected area.
From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Dupuytren’s ContractureMore likely
More likely to have a Dupuytren's contracture based on 311 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 80% of the population and lower than 20% of the population.

What this actually is

This condition commonly occurs in older adults, and risk factors include Northern European ancestry, a family history of the condition, diabetes, and smoking.

Although pain is not always associated with Dupuytren’s contracture, the limitation in hand function and dexterity can significantly interfere with daily activities.

Treatment can range from observation to various invasive procedures, such as needle aponeurotomy, enzyme injections to break down the tissue cord, or in severe cases, surgical removal of the affected tissue.

What you can do

  • Stretching 15 minutes
    Incorporate stretching exercises into your daily routine, dedicating at least 10-15 minutes each day.
  • Avoid Strenuous Activity
    Refrain from participating in high-intensity physical activities such as running, heavy weightlifting, and high-impact sports.
From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Bone CancerMore likely
More likely to have bone cancer based on 24,472 genetic variants we looked at

What this actually is

The exact causes of bone cancer are not well understood, but several factors can increase the risk: Genetic disorders: Certain inherited genetic disorders, such as hereditary retinoblastoma and Li-Fraumeni syndrome, are linked to a higher risk of bone cancer.

Previous radiation therapy: Exposure to high doses of radiation, such as those used in previous cancer treatments, can increase the risk.

Paget’s disease: This bone condition, mostly seen in elderly people, may increase the risk of developing osteosarcoma.

What you can do

  • Strength Training
    Engage in strength training exercises, such as weight lifting or bodyweight exercises, for 60 minutes per session, TA 2 to 3 times per week.

Ask your clinician about

  • Vitamin D and Calcium
  • Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Named only. Marrow gives no dose and does not recommend these.

From your Bone Health report
A further 4 results were also flagged for attention. They are listed below and explained in full in the technical version of this report.

Where your genetics are working for you

Not everything in a genetic report is a warning. These came back protective or better than average.

Joint PainLess likely
Less likely to have osteoarthritis based on 385,825 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 1% of the population and lower than 99% of the population.

What this actually is

Key Takeaways: Osteoarthritis will affect the majority of people over the age of 55.

So, even with low genetic risk, the overall risk is still high for older people.

About 50% of the differences in people's chances of getting osteoarthritis may be due to genetics.

From your Joint & Tendon Health report
Bone SpursLess likely
Less likely to have bone spurs based on 1,676 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 5% of the population and lower than 95% of the population.

What this actually is

Bone spurs develop as a result of bone and joint degeneration and are primarily associated with the aging process.

However, they can also arise from underlying diseases and conditions that affect bone and joint health: Osteoarthritis: The most common cause of bone spurs, osteoarthritis involves the breakdown of cartilage, leading to joint damage and increased bone friction.

Spinal degeneration: Bone spurs commonly occur in the spine as a result of the degeneration of discs and joints, often due to aging.

From your Bone Health report
Tendon InjuryLess likely
Less likely to have tendinopathy based on 6 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 18% of the population and lower than 82% of the population.

What this actually is

Other risk factors include intense physical activity or certain sports, using improper training technique or equipment, doing repetitive tasks, age (over 40), being female, some chronic health conditions and medications.

About 16 million tendon and ligament injuries occur in the U.S. each year.

If you have a high genetic risk, you may lower your overall risk by taking action on those factors that you can change.

From your Joint & Tendon Health report

Everything else that came back

The remaining results, grouped by what they mean. Every one of these is explained in full — with the genes and variants behind it — in the technical version of this report.

Worth a conversation with your doctor  (4)
  • Hypoparathyroidism — More likely
  • Calcium — Increased need
  • Vitamin K — Increased need
  • Spinal Arthritis — More likely
Running above the typical range  (2)
  • GC (Vitamin D) — Higher activity
  • MMP1 (Collagen) — Higher activity
Working in your favour  (4)
  • Scoliosis — Less likely, 19th percentile
  • Tendon Inflammation — Less likely, 19th percentile
  • Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (Progeroid — Less likely
  • ADAMTS5 (Joint Health) — Better genetics
In line with most people  (23)
  • Achilles Tendon Injury — Typical likelihood, 79th percentile
  • Bone Infection — Typical likelihood, 65th percentile
  • Hip Pain — Typical likelihood, 64th percentile
  • Spinal Canal Narrowing — Typical likelihood, 60th percentile
  • Gout — Typical likelihood, 58th percentile
  • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome — Typical likelihood, 56th percentile
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis — Typical likelihood, 40th percentile
  • Joint Stiffness — Typical likelihood, 39th percentile
  • Fractures — Typical likelihood, 37th percentile
  • Knee Pain — Typical likelihood, 36th percentile
  • Tendon Lining Inflammation — Typical likelihood, 36th percentile
  • Osteoporosis — Typical likelihood, 33th percentile
  • Lupus — Typical likelihood, 12th percentile
  • Hyperparathyroidism — Typical likelihood
  • Vitamin D — Typical need
  • Phosphate — Typical levels
  • Magnesium — Typical need
  • VDR (Vitamin D) — Typical activity
  • CYP2R1 (Vitamin D) — Typical activity
  • Psoriatic Arthritis — Typical likelihood
  • Rheumatic Fever — Typical likelihood
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis — Typical likelihood
  • COL5A1 (Collagen) — Typical activity

What to do with this

Genetics is a predisposition, not a verdict. The single most useful thing you can do with this document is take it to a clinician and talk through the flagged findings — especially any that line up with symptoms you already have or conditions that run in your family. Nothing here changes: your DNA is the same at 60 as it is today, so this report does not expire.

Methodology

Genotyping was performed on DNA extracted from a buccal (cheek) swab using a genome-wide array. Results are derived from peer-reviewed genome-wide association data and, where applicable, published clinical guidelines. Each report was scored independently against its own reference set. Percentile figures describe where your result sits relative to a reference population.

Limitations

This is a laboratory-developed test. It has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Genotyping does not detect all variants in the genes assessed; the absence of a flagged result does not exclude risk. Predisposition is probabilistic and is modified by environment, lifestyle, ancestry and family history. Results must be interpreted by a qualified healthcare professional and must not be used alone to diagnose, treat, or alter any medication regimen. Marrow does not recommend, prescribe, or dose any supplement or medication.

Performing laboratory & attestation
Performing laboratoryGene by Gene, Ltd.
Laboratory address1445 North Loop West, Suite 760, Houston, TX 77008
CLIA certificationCLIA #45D1102202
CAP accreditationCAP #7212851 · accredited through 7 October 2027
Laboratory DirectorFeng Zhou, PhD, MB(ASCP)
Specimen typeBuccal (cheek) swab — genomic DNA
AccessionMRW-26-31B9E0
Date reported29 July 2026

This specimen was tested at Gene by Gene, Ltd., 1445 North Loop West, Suite 760, Houston, TX 77008, under CLIA #45D1102202 and CAP #7212851. Laboratory Director: Feng Zhou, PhD, MB(ASCP). Marrow Health is not a clinical laboratory and does not perform testing; Marrow prepares and delivers this report from data produced by the performing laboratory named above. Report generated 29 July 2026 · Accession MRW-26-31B9E0 · © 2026 Marrow Health.